An X-ray diffractogram is the measured dependence, obtained with a diffractometer, of the intensity of the scattered X-ray beam on the scattering angle.

This article examines battery sorting systems' principles, sensor-based methods, sorting techniques (e.g., machine vision, magnetic resonance), AI's role, and quality control measures. It emphasizes their vital role in recycling and environmental sustainability.

A diffractometer can be utilized to analyze various types of crystalline samples, as well as samples with a mixture of amorphous phases, including powdered materials, polycrystalline films, bulk pieces, etc.

The phenomenon of x-ray diffraction is based on the interference of X-ray radiation reflected from various atomic planes within a crystalline lattice.